Abstract This article proposes a psychoanalytic reading of the Italian comic trio Aldo, Giovanni, and Giacomo through the structural model of the psyche developed by Sigmund Freud in his second topography (1923). The three characters are interpreted as archetypal representations of the psychic agencies of the Id, Superego, and Ego, offering a clinically informed and accessible framework for understanding intrapsychic conflict, defense mechanisms, and the reality principle. In

Introduction Psychodynamic psychology represents one of the most influential and fascinating approaches to the study of the human mind. Born from the revolutionary insights of Sigmund Freud in the late nineteenth century, this perspective has profoundly transformed not only psychology and psychiatry, but also culture, art, and the very way we understand ourselves and others. But what exactly does "psychodynamic" mean? The term derives from the idea that mental functioning is